By Lynn Harrod
The Oscars (the Academy Awards) are presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to recognize excellence in the film industry. For those of you in film that may not know, the award ceremony is one of the most watched awards ceremonies in the world. Here are some tidbits you might not know about the Oscars. For more information, visit www.oscars.org.
The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in May 1929 at the Hotel Roosevelt in Hollywood. It was hosted by actor Douglas Fairbanks and director
William C. DeMille. The latest (80th) ceremony was held February 24, 2008, at the Kodak Theatre in Los Angeles. It was hosted by comedian Jon
Stewart. Despite the valuable screen time, movie studios are strictly prohibited from advertising films during the broadcast.
THE ACADEMY
Founded in May 1927 in Los Angeles, California, AMPAS is a professional honorary organization dedicated to the advancement of the arts and sciences of motion pictures. The Academy is composed of over 6,000 motion picture professionals, including filmmakers from 36 countries around the world.
In addition to the Oscars, the Academy gives Student Academy Awards to filmmakers at the undergraduate and graduate level, and awards up to five Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting annually.
LIBRARY AND STUDY
AMPAS operates the Margaret Herrick Library in Beverly Hills, California, one of the world's most extensive and comprehensive research collections on motion pictures. The library holds more than 32,000 books, 1,800 titles of periodicals, 60,000 screenplays, 200,000 clipping files, 30,000 posters, and various advertising, including over 8 million photographs, sheet music, music scores, sound recordings, production and costume sketches, artifacts, and oral histories.
The Academy also runs the Pickford Center for Motion Picture Study in Hollywood, California which will expand to include The Museum of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, to open in 2012. The collection includes over 100,000 items, covering some 70,000 individual titles.
ACADEMY MEMBERSHIP
All AMPAS members must be invited to join. Invitation comes from the Board of Governors, on behalf of Academy Branch Executive Committees. Membership eligibility may be achieved by a competitive nomination or a member may submit a name based on other significant contribution to the field of motion pictures. Although winning an Academy Award usually results in an invitation to join, membership is not automatic.
New membership proposals are considered annually. The Academy does not publicly disclose its membership, although past press releases have announced the names of those who have been invited to join.
Academy membership is divided into 15 Branches, representing different disciplines in motion pictures. Members may not belong to more than one Branch. Members whose work does not fall within one of the Branches may belong to a group known as "Members At Large."
Academy Branches
* Actors
* Art Directors
* Cinematographers
* Directors
* Documentary
* Executives
* Film Editors
* Makeup
* Music
* Producers
* Public Relations
* Short Films and Feature Animation
* Sound
* Visual Effects
* Writers
THE STATUETTE
The official name of the Oscar statuette is the Academy Award of Merit. Made of gold-plated britannium on a black metal base, it is 13.5 in (34 cm) tall, weighs 8.5 lb (3.85 kg) and depicts a knight holding a sword, standing on a reel of film with five spokes. The five spokes represent the original branches of the Academy: Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers and Technicians.
OWNERSHIP OF OSCAR STATUETTES
Since 1950, the statuettes have been legally encumbered by the requirement that neither winners nor their heirs may sell the statuettes without first offering to sell them back to the Academy for $1.00. If a winner refuses to agree to this stipulation, then the Academy keeps the statuette. This rule is highly controversial, since it implies that the winner does not own the award.
OSCAR CONSIDERATION
Today, according to official Academy Awards Rules, a film must open in the previous calendar year, from midnight at the start of January 1 to midnight at the end of December 31, in Los Angeles County, California, to qualify. The film must be "feature-length", a minimum of 40 minutes, except for short subject awards,
and it must exist either on a 35 mm or 70 mm film print or on 24 fps or 48 fps progressive scan digital film print with native resolution not less than 1280x720.
The members of the various branches nominate those in their respective fields while all members may submit nominees for Best Picture. The winners are then determined by a second round of voting in which all members are then allowed to vote in most categories, including Best Picture.
[www.oscars.org]